The possibility of the new pair of pandas breeding baby pandas in Hong Kong is promising thanks to advancements in technology and a better understanding of the endangered animal, an official from the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, told the Global Times, saying that preparation work for sending pandas to Hong Kong is still underway.

John Lee, Chief Executive of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), revealed on July 1 that the central government would be sending a new pair of giant pandas from the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda to Hong Kong to mark the 27th anniversary of the city's return to the motherland, adding that the two pandas would arrive within months.

Lee said the HKSAR government has told central government that hopefully the new pair of giant pandas gifted to Hong Kong will be young adults, healthy and strong, and can give birth to the next generation in Hong Kong. Previously, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration has agreed to send a pair of giant pandas aged around five to eight years old after considering Hong Kong's request.

Li Desheng, deputy director of the China Conservation and Research Center for Giant Panda believed that it is highly possible that the pair of giant pandas being sent as a gift to Hong Kong will be able to breed.

Li said in an interview with the Global Times that his team has carefully considered various factors such as the pandas' physical health, genetic background, and temperament when selecting the giant pandas. He noted that selected pandas, aged between five and eight, have reached sexual maturity, and as long as they can adapt to their new environment, they can successfully breed.

Moreover, Li said the advance of technology and deeper understanding of the endangered animal will also help.

The first pair, male An An and female Jia Jia, arrived in the city in 1999 to celebrate the smooth establishment of the One Country, Two Systems. Ying Ying and Le Le were the second pair that the Chinese mainland gifted to Hong Kong in April 2007, sparking a "panda fever," drawing a crowd of 35,000 visitors when they made their official debut to the public at Ocean Park.

According to Li, his center has conducted fruitful cooperation with Hong Kong in taking good care of the giant pandas in the city, but it is still a pity that the previous two pairs failed to breed baby pandas.

The panda expert in Sichuan said that the preparation work for sending pandas to Hong Kong remains underway, with an arrival date yet to be set.

Hong Kong's Ocean Park, new home of the pandas, will dispatch caretakers to Sichuan to receive training in feeding management, disease prevention and control, and artificial breeding, said Li, adding that the Sichuan center will pass on their years of experience in breeding giant pandas to the experts in Hong Kong.

The Global Times learned at a forum in Hong Kong held this month that the Ocean Park is making final preparations for the new pair, including enhancing their living space and providing innovative digital and immersive experiences for visitors.

Paulo Pong, chairman of Ocean Park, said he is optimistic about the significant economic impact, citing the success of the first pair of pandas in attracting visitors.

A former employee of a wealth fund management company in Beijing has secured a new job at a kindergarten operated by the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM), with the unusual career path arousing both interest and debate on social media, Chinese domestic news portal thepaper.cn reported.

Curious netizens pored over government announcements to unveil a former employee with a postgraduate degree working with a wealth fund management company, was now listed as a top out of a total of five job applicants at a kindergarten associated with MOFCOM.

The new position is an accountant at the kindergarten. Chinese government departments and its affiliated entities are required to publish their annual employment history and the details of all job applicants to the public for transparency purposes.

Some netizens were appalled by the switch of this person from a highly sought-after financial position to a new job at a kindergarten associated with a government department.

But there are also netizens who believe the job at a government affiliated institution offers stability and the job could be less stressful.

The news came against the backdrop of reported industry-wide salary reductions across the asset management industry, which is undergoing a correction following a massive boom in the past several years.

"Some may see it as a downgrade, but I believe this could be an upgrade [in job]," one netizen commented.

Experts pointed out while the new job at the kindergarten may sound like a "step backward", it reflected the unique career path chosen by each individual based on his or her career planning, area of interest and the reassessment of situation of the line of trade the person engages in. So, the job change was quite "normal," they noted.

China's central government aims to create more than 12 million urban jobs in 2024, with a surveyed urban unemployment rate kept within 5.5 percent in 2024, as it implements an employment-first policy.

Multiple Chinese cities have announced that they will work overtime on Qixi Festival, or the Chinese Valentine's Day, falling on Saturday this year, to accommodate more couples seeking to register their marriages on the auspicious day, with some initiatives introduced, such as offering special gift packages and organizing group wedding ceremonies.

Some of the marriage registration offices, including those in Suzhou, East China's Jiangsu Province, and Shanghai, have already filled up their online reservation slots. Civil affairs authorities in Suzhou announced that couples can also wait in line onsite to conduct relevant procedures.

Local civil affairs authorities encourage marriage registration offices to meet the needs of the public and carry out related services, but there are no specific mandatory regulations, China's Ministry of Civil Affairs said on Monday, in response to a netizen's question about whether marriage registration can be conducted on this year's Qixi Festival, which falls on a Saturday.

Local civil affairs authorities' move to work on Saturday reflects a responsive attitude, demonstrating the "continuous improvement" of grass-roots governance in meeting the requirements of modern society, Song Jian, a demographer from the Center for Population and Development Studies of the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times on Thursday.

The move also promotes traditional culture and adds a sense of ceremony to marriages, fostering marital stability and family harmony, Jiang Quanbao, a professor from the Institute for Population and Development Studies at Xi'an Jiaotong University, told the Global Times on Thursday.

Meanwhile, cultural activities themed around Qixi are being launched in many places across the country, driving the continuous improvement of the consumption market. In Xiaogan, Central China's Hubei Province, themed activities will include Hanfu shows, light shows, and collective weddings. 

The Qixi Festival flower pre-ordering has started. "Our orders have doubled compared to normal days," a Shanghai-based flower shop owner surnamed Yao told the Global Times on Thursday. "We will be operating 24 hours on Qixi, ensuring that the flowers are delivered on time," Yao said.

China witnessed 3.43 million couples registering for marriage in the first half of this year, down by 498,000 couples during the same period from last year, according to the Ministry of Civil Affairs. 

The government has implemented policies to boost fertility, such as universal childcare. These measures aim to create a positive atmosphere for marriage, encourage young people to marry at the right time, and promote correct views on marriage and family, to alleviate anxiety, reduce pressure, and create a marriage and fertility friendly society, Jiang said.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been rapidly developed in Africa. A growing number of forums and conferences are discussing the possibility of AI cooperation in fields including agriculture, health care, education and finance. With the development opportunities created by AI, achieving breathrough development has become a focus among African countries.

AI now increasingly creates opportunities for the modernization of the continent. On one hand, African countries are increasing government support and investment in the field of AI. For instance, South Africa in 2022 established the Artificial Intelligence Institute of South Africa (AIISA), aiming at supporting industries such as manufacturing, services, agriculture, and transportation to apply AI solutions. 

In early June, officials and industry experts from various African countries gathered at the Artificial Intelligence Week (SIA) in Lomé, Togo, to discuss various development initiatives and investment schemes.

On the other hand, the younger generation of highly educated Africans in the workforce are directly benefiting from significant changes brought about by AI, particularly in how it can rapidly bring their creative ideas to fruition.

Meanwhile, there remain bottlenecks and challenges for AI development in Africa, with infrastructure and talent being the two major factors restricting the development of new AI solutions. Africa has a huge infrastructure financing gap. In particular, digital infrastructure is still in its early stages and requires a large amount of capital injection.

The US is trying to achieve dominance over AI in Africa. The US also sees Africa's AI field as ocean of opportunity, mainly seeking to dominate the African market through market-driven approaches and the establishment of industry standards.

However, the US is more interested in influencing the technological environment in Africa. As an emerging tech field, there are blank areas in Africa's AI policies, technologies, industries, application standards, and governance models. 

The US has a natural advantage and significant influence in international technical standard-setting organizations. By participating in and leading the development of international standards, it can promote technology standards that align with its own interests. Therefore, the US is actively working with some African countries to establish data privacy and security standards, enhancing America's influence on technology standards. The practice has not been well received by African countries.

China and the US share complementary roles in the AI development of Africa. Unlike the US, which uses multinational companies to establish data centers and seek application standard hegemony, China is more focused on the interconnection and interoperatability of digital infrastructure in Africa and the cultivation of local talent.

In the field of hardware infrastructure, in view of Africa's goal of building better telecommunications and data centers, China has decided to mainly invest in large-scale infrastructure projects rather than investing in individual local companies. In the field of software support, China has ramped up efforts to train much-needed digital talent in Africa.

In fact, both China and the US have comparative advantages in the field of AI. Cooperation between the two countries is of positive significance for the development of AI in Africa and global AI governance. China has also expressed willingness to carry out trilateral development cooperation in Africa with international organizations and relevant countries, establish AI governance institutions, and increase the presence of developing countries in the field of technology regulations.

Taking advantage of the opportunities presented by the development of AI is a unqiue possibility for Africa to not be marginalized in the "Fourth Industrial Revolution." However, despite showing strong momentum in the field of AI, the gap is still huge. Cooperation among major powers in the field of AI in Africa, rather than playing zero-sum games, is crucial for the development of the African continent

Bangladesh's President Mohammed Shahabuddin on Tuesday dissolved the parliament, a key demand of the protestors, following Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's resignation. 

"China is closely following the developments in Bangladesh. As a friendly neighbor and comprehensive strategic cooperative partner of Bangladesh, China sincerely hopes that social stability will be restored soon in the country," according to remarks by Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson on Tuesday.

Global observers are closely monitoring the development of the unrest in the South Asian country with a focus on whether the disturbance can be ended by an interim government and elections, and how the incident will influence regional situation.

The coordinators of Bangladesh's student protest movement were scheduled to meet with the army chief, General Waker-Uz-Zaman on Tuesday after the military announced plans to form an interim government, the Guardian reported.  

Hasina, 76, resigned and left the country on Monday. She landed at a military airfield Hindon near Delhi, Reuters cited two Indian government officials as saying. India's National Security Adviser Ajit Doval met Hasina there. 

Students in Bangladesh started demonstration in early July against a quota system which reserves some government jobs for families of veterans of the country's 1971 war of independence. The Supreme Court rescinded the job quota policy on July 21. But the protests continued as students and other citizens assembled and called for justice for those killed in the protests and demanded Hasina to step down, BBC reported.  

In Dhaka on Monday, police and other government buildings were attacked and set on fire. Protesters attempted to tear down a statue of independence leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Hasina's father, BBC said. 

Last month, at least 150 people were killed and thousands injured in violence during the protest.

The protests began with strong economic reasons rather than solely political motives, Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asia Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, told the Global Times on Tuesday. 

Bangladesh is one of the world's most densely populated countries - around 170 million in an area of more than 148,000 square kilometers - and has a significant number of young people in need of employment, Liu said. 

"Inflation and economic problems may have intensified the unrest. But after the job quota policy was rescinded, the situation did not settle down but evolved into a political movement," said Liu. 

Given the US and some Western countries' long-term criticism of Hasina's tough stance toward the US, there are speculations about potential Western involvement in the Bangladesh movement, experts said.  

Qian Feng, director of the research department at the National Strategy Institute at Tsinghua University, said the unrest in Bangladesh also underscored the challenges many developing countries face. 

After Hasina's resignation on Monday, the military chief, Zaman, announced in a televised address to the nation that he was temporarily taking control of the country, with soldiers attempting to stem the growing unrest. Zaman had also held talks with leaders of major political parties, excluding Hasina's long-ruling Awami League, to discuss the way forward, the Guardian reported. 

With Hasina reportedly going to India, it is possible that the opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) may come to power to form a new government. However, the road ahead is challenging, given the domestic issues related to employment and economic development, Lin Minwang, deputy director at the Center for South Asian Studies at Fudan University, told the Global Times on Tuesday. 

President Shahabuddin on Monday ordered the release of Begum Khaleda Zia, BNP's chairperson, who was convicted in a graft case in 2018 but was moved to a hospital a year later as her health deteriorated. Zia has denied the charges against her, according to media reports. 

Analysts said the stability of Bangladesh hinges on upcoming political negotiations. If the military and the opposition reach a consensus, social order may be quickly restored; otherwise, the situation could remain turbulent.

Global reaction

The month-long protests in Bangladesh have caught world attention. On Monday, the White House and the US State Department separately urged parties in Bangladesh to refrain from violence and restore peace at the earliest. The EU also called for an "orderly and peaceful" transition, according to media reports. 

On Tuesday, Indian External Affairs Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar told an all-party meeting that India has assured help to Hasina and given her time to decide the future course of action, newswire PTI reported quoting sources. 

Hasina's resignation could affect India's diplomacy with Bangladesh due to New Delhi's close ties with Hasina and her family, experts said. However, some analysts believe India may exercise restraint to avoid escalating anti-India sentiments in Bangladesh and it may not immediately offer asylum to Hasina. 

Indian broadcaster Times Now cited sources as saying that Hasina would leave for London.

No matter how the situation in Bangladesh further develops, the country has the demand to tackle its social and economic problems. Therefore, maintaining good relations with China, a country having the capacity without intention to interfere its internal affairs, is crucial for Bangladesh, Liu said.

In the eyes of many Chinese, French culture is often regarded as a symbol of romance, elegance and beauty. However, some parts in the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympic Games have been somewhat challenging to understand, sparking controversy. Is the French culture itself going through an unprecedented increase in cultural divisions? 

During the Paris Olympics opening ceremony, a performance featuring drag queens, dancers, and models sparked enormous controversy. Mimicking Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper, the act drew severe criticism from Western conservatives and religious groups.

Some hailed the performance as a celebration of France's rich cultural diversity and openness. However, right-wing critics argued that the portrayal of France's multicultural society and the inclusion of avant-garde art forms undermined traditional French and Christian values.

This controversy highlights the deep-seated cultural divisions in France and other Western developed nations in the post-industrial era.

As societies become increasingly diverse and globalized, the notion of a singular, unified cultural identity is being challenged. The tension between preserving traditional values and embracing cultural diversity - often framed as a left-wing versus right-wing conflict - is common in many Western countries.

In France, the concept of "Frenchness" has long been closely tied to the nation's rich cultural heritage, including its art, literature, cuisine and history. However, the growing diversity of France's population, particularly in urban areas, has led to a reevaluation of what it means to be French.

On one side, conservative groups strive to maintain what they consider the quintessential French identity, characterized by the country's history, language and tradition. Conversely, progressives advocate for an evolving identity that embraces diversity and modern influences. This tension extends beyond art and culture, touching on issues pertaining to national identity and social values.

Economic inequality has further exacerbated these cultural tensions. 

In recent years, France has experienced several socio-economic upheavals, most notably the Yellow Vests movement. This grassroots protest stemmed from widespread discontent with economic disparities, government neglect of rural areas and the impacts of neoliberal economic policies. The movement highlighted deep divisions between urban and rural populations, elites and working-class citizens, and those who benefit from globalization and those left behind.

Such cultural divides are not unique to France. In many Western developed countries, the post-industrial era has brought significant cultural shifts. The decline of traditional industries and globalization have increased mobility and diversity, challenging conventional notions of cultural identity. 

For example, in the US, debates over immigration and cultural diversity have been contentious for decades. The rise of nationalist and populist movements in Western developed nations reflects a reaction to perceived threats to traditional and religious values and economic security.

The rise of social media has also played a crucial role in exacerbating these cultural divides. Social media platforms create echo chambers where individuals can connect with those who have the same views and values, reinforcing existing beliefs and biases. This leads to polarization, with individuals becoming increasingly entrenched in their viewpoints.

The post-industrial era has also brought significant economic changes. The decline of traditional industries has led to unemployment and financial insecurity, particularly in rural areas. This has fueled resentment toward globalization and immigration, which are both viewed as threats to the traditional way of life.

If the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympic Games showed us anything, it is that Western culture is experiencing an unprecedented gap. How this will evolve, and whether it will be reconciled, are related to the impact of Western culture on global geopolitics.

The Biden administration is reportedly working on a set of unilateral restrictions on China's access to artificial intelligence (AI) memory chips and equipment capable of making those products, in the latest hegemonic move to contain China's AI industry in order to maintain its global monopoly.

Chinese observers said the US cannot impede China's technological progress and will only impel Chinese enterprises to strive for technological self-reliance. They said China may take countermeasures, including lodging complaints with the WTO, when it is necessary to fight back as the US continues to expand its "small yard" policies.

Observers said the US' intensifying crackdown on and "decoupling" from China will lead to further deterioration in China-US bilateral relations, bringing monumental losses to US firms that are betting on Chinese opportunities.

US' stepped-up restrictions

Bloomberg reported on Thursday that the Biden administration is expected to announce a set of new restrictions as soon as late August to curb China's access to AI memory chips and related equipment.

The measure is designed to keep Micron Technology Inc and South Korea's leading memory chipmakers SK Hynix Inc and Samsung Electronics Co from supplying Chinese firms with so-called high-bandwidth memory, or HBM, chips, the report said, citing people familiar with the matter. HBM chips are required to run AI accelerators like those offered by Nvidia Corp, it said.

"By putting patches on its chip export restrictions on China, the US' ultimate purpose is to curb China's technological development so as to maintain its global monopoly in cutting-edge technologies," He Weiwen, a senior fellow at the Center for China and Globalization, told the Global Times on Thursday.

He said the US' political maneuvers are not sustainable, as they go against economic rules and the interests of US enterprises and residents.

"China may take countermeasures when it is necessary," He said, noting that China could also lodge complaints with the WTO if the US' restriction measures against China reach a certain scale.

At a routine press conference on Wednesday, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian blasted the US for continuing to politicize trade and tech issues, tie them to national security and use them as a weapon to tighten control over chip exports to China and coerce other countries to go after China's semiconductor industry, which severely undermines international trade rules, destabilizes global industrial and supply chains, and serves no one's interests.

The Biden administration is taking an increasingly hardline stance on China issues in the election year. In June, the US Treasury Department issued draft rules for banning or requiring notification of certain investments in AI and other technology sectors in China that could "threaten US national security."

Lü Xiang, a research fellow at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, warned that the US' intensifying crackdown on China's technological rise may further harm China-US relations and send bilateral relations to a new low.

In addition, the US' attempts to crack down on China will backfire on itself and its allies, Lü told the Global Times on Thursday.

"For example, South Korea and Japan previously exported a large number of semiconductor products to China every year, but the US' export restrictions led to South Korea posting a trade deficit with China. The US' selfish moves will harm its allies' production capacity, and will prompt those countries to resist the US' coercion one day," Lü said.

China market indispensable

"For US, tightening chip export controls on China is a double-edged sword," Fu Liang, a Beijing-based tech analyst, told the Global Times on Thursday.

Faced with external pressure, Chinese chip producers are accelerating research and development to boost domestic replacements, which means medium- and low-performance US chip products will become increasingly insignificant for the China market, Fu said.

Despite the Biden administration's continuous crackdown on China's high-tech field, US firms such as Nvidia are striving to tap the great potential of the huge market of the world's second-largest economy.

Nvidia is reportedly working on a special version of its AI chip for the China market. Nvidia will work with Inspur, one of its major distribution partners in China, on the launch and distribution of the chip, which is tentatively named "B20," and the shipments are planned to start in the second quarter of 2025, Reuters reported in July.

Taking Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni's China visit as an opportunity, the two countries expressed their willingness to strengthen multilateral coordination, oppose division and confrontation, as well as decoupling and disconnection, and work together to address global challenges, a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson revealed on Wednesday at a press conference.

Meloni has just concluded her five-day visit to China from Saturday to Wednesday. The trip marks Meloni's first visit to China since she took office. She is the first European leader to visit China after the third plenum.

As this year marks the 700th anniversary of Marco Polo's death, both sides will deepen cultural, educational, tourism, and sports exchanges and cooperation, making the friendship between the two countries more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian introduced at Wednesday press briefing.

Both sides support the deepening of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Europe, support resolving differences through dialogue and consultation, and support avoiding the escalation of economic and trade frictions. Both sides are willing to strengthen multilateral coordination, oppose division and confrontation, oppose decoupling and disconnection, and work together to address global challenges, according to Lin.

During her time in Beijing, Chinese President Xi Jinping met with Meloni, while Premier Li Qiang and Chairman of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee Zhao Leji held separate talks and meetings with the Italian leader, Lin stated.

Noting this trip coincided with the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Italy, Lin said the two countries issued a 2024-2027 action plan on strengthening their comprehensive strategic partnership, emphasizing their willingness to uphold the Silk Road spirit, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation, promote cultural exchanges, and elevate bilateral relations to a higher level, making greater contributions to world peace, stability, and prosperity.

During the visit, Li and Meloni jointly attended the opening ceremony of the seventh meeting of the China-Italy entrepreneurs committee and witnessed the signing of multiple cooperation agreements covering industry, education, environmental protection, geographical indications, food safety, and more. Meloni also visited Shanghai, according to the Chinese spokesperson.

During the meetings and talks, the leaders of both countries exchanged in-depth views on China-Italy, China-Europe relations, and the international situation. Both sides agreed that friendly exchanges between China and Italy have deep historical roots and have made significant contributions to the exchange and mutual learning between Eastern and Western civilizations. They pledged to inherit and promote the friendly traditions, maintain the momentum of high-level exchanges, strengthen political mutual trust, and jointly build a more resilient and mature bilateral relationship, Lin stated.

The Italian side reiterated its adherence to the one-China principle. Both sides agreed to make good use of the China-Italy government committee and various dialogue platforms to enhance practical cooperation in trade and investment, industrial manufacturing, technological innovation, green energy, artificial intelligence, and other fields, Lin told the press.

With the lighting of the Olympic flame in Paris on Friday night, the world has officially entered Olympic time. At this very moment, the Chinese delegation has been fully prepared for this grand event. 

Chinese athletes are intensively preparing in various locations, from the athletics track to the swimming pool, from the gymnastics hall to the shooting range, with each training venue brimming with the sweat of their hard work.

Table tennis, China's national sport, carries some of the highest expectations of Chinese spectators. This time, veteran Ma Long will serve as the flag bearer for the Chinese delegation at the Olympics. Ma, also the men's team captain, said that this role has given him great confidence and encouragement. 

"Over the years, our predecessors have laid a solid foundation through their efforts, and now the baton has been passed to our generation. I hope to continue this legacy and tell the story of the spirit of Chinese table tennis and the spirit of Chinese sports at the Paris Olympics," Ma told media, according to a report by the Beijing Youth Daily on Thursday. 

Ma is aiming for his sixth Olympic gold medal in Paris.

Another highly anticipated team is China's diving team, known as the "Dream Team." On July 21, the Chinese diving team arrived at the Paris Olympic Village. Just a few hours later, the entire team completed their first training session at the aquatic sports center, making their final push.

Chinese gymnastics team departed from Beijing on July 18, starting their journey to the Paris Olympics. In Tokyo three years ago, the Chinese gymnastics team won three individual event gold medals. This time, they aim to defend their titles in their strong events while seeking breakthroughs in team events in Paris.

To better acclimatize for training, the Chinese swimming team arrived in Paris on July 6. The team consists of 31 athletes, including 18 female and 13 male swimmers, featuring Olympic champions such as Zhang Yufei and Ye Shiwen.

The total size of the Chinese sports delegation for the Paris Olympics is 716, including 405 athletes (136 men and 269 women) and 311 officials and support staff. The athletes' average age is 25, with the oldest being 37-year-old race walker Liu Hong and the youngest being 11-year-old skateboarder Zheng Haohui. The delegation includes 42 Olympic champions, and 223 athletes are making their Olympic debut.

Amid accelerating global changes unseen in a century, countries will either progress together through connectivity and unity, or retreat separately through closure and division. China and Italy should uphold and promote the Silk Road spirit, view and develop bilateral relations from a historical dimension, strategic height and long-term perspective, and push their relations to go steady and far, Chinese President Xi Jinping said when meeting with Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni in Beijing on Monday.

Xi said the healthy and stable development of China-Italy relations is in line with the common interests of both countries and their peoples.

Meloni's first visit to China since assuming office is poised to restart the relationship between the two nations, with experts anticipating a return to regular dialogues at various levels. This visit signifies a shift in Italy's approach to China, moving away from ideology-driven policies toward a more pragmatic and economically focused strategy after Italy's withdrawal from the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), said experts. 

The strengthened ties between China and Italy, the third-largest economy in the European Union, are expected to serve as a model for other European and Western countries, highlighting the advantages of mutually beneficial cooperation with China in a time of global uncertainty and waning US leadership.

Noting that China and Italy are at the two ends of the ancient Silk Road, Xi said the time-honored friendly exchanges between the two countries have made significant contributions to the overall exchanges and mutual learning between Eastern and Western civilizations, and to the progress of humanity.

The Silk Road spirit of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit is a shared treasure of China and Italy, Xi said.

The Chinese President said China is willing to work with Italy to promote the optimization and upgrading of traditional cooperation in economic and trade investment, industrial manufacturing, technological innovation, and third-party markets, and explore cooperation in emerging areas such as electric vehicles and artificial intelligence. 

China welcomes Italian companies to invest in China, and is willing to import more high-quality Italian products. China hopes that Italy will also provide a fair, transparent, safe, and non-discriminatory business environment for Chinese companies investing in the country, said Xi.

Xi emphasized that in an era of economic globalization, only by adhering to open cooperation in the global industrial chain and supply chain can win-win development be achieved. China adheres to the path of peaceful development and never pursues hegemony, and is willing to share development opportunities with all countries. 

Meloni said that the current international situation is undergoing profound changes, and China, as an important major country, plays an irreplaceable role in addressing global challenges. 

Italy adheres to the one-China policy, and hopes to strengthen dialogue and cooperation with China, tap more potential, deepen cooperation in areas such as trade and investment, electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, and enhance people-to-people exchanges to promote more Italian products entering the Chinese market. 

Italy opposes "decoupling" and protectionism, and is willing to play an active role in deepening EU-China relations, said the Italian leader. 

Restart ties

Italy and China signed a three-year action plan on Sunday to implement past agreements and experiment with new forms of cooperation, Meloni said on an official visit to China, according to Associated Press.

Meloni told business leaders that the two sides had signed an industrial collaboration memorandum that includes electric vehicles and renewable energy, which she described as "sectors where China has already been operating on the technological frontier for some time ... and is sharing the new frontiers of knowledge with partners."

Chinese experts said that the action plan is more like a "compensatory" deal for Italy following Rome's withdrawal from BRI last year. 

"The action plan serves to minimize the negative impact on Italy after it pulled out of BRI; signing the plan also signals Italy has vast demand for cooperation with China, as it used a alternative plan to focus on areas where there is demand from both countries," Cui Hongjian, a professor with the Academy of Regional and Global Governance with Beijing Foreign Studies University, told the Global Times.

The action plan, however, doubled down on both countries' collaboration on electric vehicles (EV) despite Italy supporting the European Commission (EC)'s decision to impose provisional tariffs on electric vehicles imported from China.

Stellantis, a major automaker that includes Italy's Fiat, announced in May that it had formed a joint venture with Leapmotor, a Chinese electric car startup, to begin selling EVs in Europe, media reported. 

Zhao Yongsheng, a research fellow at the Institute of Regional and International Studies at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, pointed out that the action plan provides an opportunity for both countries to enhance cooperation in the EV industry, as Italy requires China's technology and China has a need for its capital and technology to be exported. Southern Europe has proven to be a good location for such investments.

Chinese experts believe that both Italy's withdrawal from BRI and supporting EC's tariffs on Chinese EVs are partly due to pressure from the US and other Western countries. 

After experiencing the detrimental impact of strained China-Italy relations following Rome's withdrawal from BRI, and the failure of the US to deliver significant benefits, Italy has pivoted from an ideology-driven policy approach to a more pragmatic stance. This shift is expected to provide a much-needed boost to Italy's economic development, according to Zhao.

The Italian leader said her five-day trip was a "demonstration of the will to begin a new phase, to relaunch our bilateral cooperation". The action plan aims to experiment with new forms of cooperation, per Reuters.

After Meloni's visit, dialogue and cooperation between different levels from China and Italy will return to normalcy, and this will also be part of the "relaunch" of ties, said Cui, noting that the frequent exchanges will help enhance understanding and disperse disputes, leading bilateral relations, and China-EU relations to a healthier direction. 

Demonstration effect

When meeting with Meloni, Xi said China hopes that Italy will understand and support China's development philosophy, and play a constructive role in promoting dialogue and cooperation between China and Europe and promoting the positive and stable development of China-Europe relations.

"Italy can have an important role in EU relations and creating balanced relations," Meloni said Monday. "We need a rules-based order" as a way "to guarantee stability, peace, trade that remains free," she said, Bloomberg reported. 

Meloni's visit will have a demonstration effect among European countries, as the trend of "decoupling with China" becomes more prevalent on the continent. Substantial cooperation between China and Italy will demonstrate the benefits of collaborating with Beijing, leading Europe to realize the advantages of such partnerships. This collaboration will help to bring stability amid rising uncertainty surrounding the upcoming US presidential election, according to Zhao.

As Europe is grappling with a myriad of external and internal challenges, certain countries are turning to practical cooperation with China in order to safeguard their own interests. This shift has prompted nations like Italy to consider more pragmatic adjustments in response to the mounting pressure they face, Sun Keqin, a research fellow at the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, told the Global Times. 

China attaches great importance to its relationship with Europe. Italy is a major country in the EU, and Meloni's party achieved a major victory in the European elections, thus strengthening the relationship between China and Italy is of great significance for enhancing economic cooperation between two countries and promoting China-Europe relations, said Sun.